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Cestrum diurnum

L. (1753)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Solanales Family: Solanaceae Genus: Cestrum

Chinese inkberry, day cestrum, day jessamine, mākāhala [makahala]

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs up to 2 m tall, sparsely pubescent with minute simple hairs, later glabrate.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Alternate. Blades oblong, usually 5–11 cm long, 2–4.5 cm wide. Apex acute. Base broadly cuneate. Margins entire. Petiolate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in axillary, long–pedunculate, spicate tacemes. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic. Calyx tubular, 5 lobed. Corolla strongly sweet–scented by day, white, tubular, slender, the lobes rounded, reflexed. Anthers included; filaments inserted on corolla tube. Ovary superior, 2-celled, on a small disk, glabrous; style 1, erect; stigma capitate, at about the same level as anthers.

Fruit: Berries black; succulent; globose; 8–10 mm in diameter.

Ploidy: 2n = 16

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Uses and Culture

USES

  • Yes

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Maui Only found in cultivation
Hawai'i Only found in cultivation

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Sp. Pl.: 191 (1753)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1254 (K, O, Mo); Staples & Herbst 2005:533 (KEY, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Cestrum diurnum Poki Street Preserved_Specimen Flrs fragrant night & day. Rothwell, T. Oahu BISH 1931-12-15
2 Cestrum diurnum Near corner of University Avenue & Date Street Preserved_Specimen Frt blackish violet. Kelly, M. Oahu BISH 1961-12-01
3 Cestrum diurnum Nuuanu Valley Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 960 Oahu BISH 1909-01-05
4 Cestrum diurnum Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Shrub; flr white, fragrant; frt blue-black. Thompson 1267 Oahu BISH 1923-11-01
5 Cestrum diurnum La Pietra, Honolulu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, A. 27 Oahu BISH 1929-08-09
6 Cestrum diurnum East Maui, Huelo, residential area Side of rd. Associated vegetation: Java plum, rose apple. Preserved_Specimen Height >2m; lvs dark grn, glossy; flowers white, tubular, flaring at tip, sweetly fragrant during the day; no fruits seen. Starr, F. 12064 Maui BISH 2000-12-06
7 Cestrum diurnum Nuuanu Valley Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 959 Oahu BISH 1909-01-05
8 Cestrum diurnum Liliha Street, in vacant lot Preserved_Specimen Suehiro, A. Oahu BISH
9 Cestrum diurnum Kalihi Valley Preserved_Specimen Korte, K.H. Oahu BISH 1954-05-05
10 Cestrum diurnum Honolulu; Manoa Valley; University of Hawaii Manoa Campus Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. Oahu BISH 1962-04-07
11 Cestrum diurnum Honolulu, 1930 Ualakaa St., residence of G.P.Wilder Preserved_Specimen Wilder, G.P. Oahu BISH 1931-03-07
12 Cestrum diurnum Dowsett Highlands Preserved_Specimen Mitchell, D.D. Oahu BISH 1946-09-30
13 Cestrum diurnum Honolulu; Manoa Valley; University of Hawaii Manoa Campus Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. Oahu BISH 1962-04-30
14 Cestrum diurnum Keopukaloa In Lantana thicket, bottom of gulch. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 8 ft. St.John, H. 12741 Molokai BISH 1932-12-27
15 Cestrum diurnum Haena State Park Along the road, near beach. Preserved_Specimen Shrub. Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1978-06-15
16 Cestrum diurnum Haena In open Pandanus grove. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 11008 Kauai BISH 1931-01-03
17 Cestrum diurnum Haena Near road & possibly garden. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1-2 m; flr white. Earle, E. 37 Kauai BISH 1972-06-26
18 Cestrum diurnum Kam Campus Landscape planting. Preserved_Specimen Shrub; flr white, fragrant; frt black. Brown, F.B.H. 1872 Oahu BISH 1934-11-01
19 Cestrum diurnum Hanalei Dist.; along N bank of Hanalei River, W of hanalei Bridge River bank, with Leucaena leucocephala, Hibiscus tiliaceus & naturalized grasses. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 3 m tall, lvs fleshy, glossy above; flr w/white corolla, sweetly fragrant (1 p.m.); Ripe frts black. One plant seen. Lorence, D.H. 7748 Kauai BISH 1996-02-04
20 Cestrum diurnum Haena Along road, sandy soil w/other introduced trees. Preserved_Specimen 6 m high tree. MacDaniels, L.H. 868 Kauai BISH 1927-02-25
21 Cestrum diurnum Moakea, vicenty of Brant Field Found growing along fenceline at edge of pasture. Preserved_Specimen Woody shrubs, flowers white, fetid smelling in late afternoon. Oppenheimer, H.L. 110714 Molokai BISH 2007-11-07
22 Cestrum diurnum Haena State Park Along the road, near beach. Preserved_Specimen Shrub. Corn, C. Kauai BISH 1978-06-15
23 Cestrum diurnum Haena In open Pandanus grove. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 11008 Kauai BISH 1931-01-03
24 Cestrum diurnum Kalalau Valley. In gully above cliff in NE upper valley. Preserved_Specimen Tree 30 ft tall, main stems had fallen over; many upright sprouts; sterile. Two branches with large Korthalsella complanata bunches. Hobdy, R.W. 3254 Kauai BISH 1990-08-18
25 Cestrum diurnum University of Hawaii Rock Garden. Preserved_Specimen Tanaka, Y. Oahu BISH 1929-12-09
26 Cestrum diurnum Haena open Pandanus grove Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 11008 Kauai BISH 1931-01-03
27 Cestrum diurnum Honolulu: Manoa Valley; University of Hawaii Manoa Campus, University of Hawaii Press, 2840 Kolowalu partial shade Preserved_Specimen multi-trunked tree 3 m tall; flowers white, strongly fragrant (noon) Lau, J. 1517 Oahu BISH 1985-10-15
28 Cestrum diurnum Halawa Along trail in abandoned taro patches. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 12671 Molokai BISH 1932-12-27
29 Cestrum diurnum University of Hawaii Campus; Dean Hall Preserved_Specimen shrub; 2 m. Woolford, H.A. 273 Oahu BISH 1956-01-16
30 Cestrum diurnum Limahuli Valley; PTBG, along road to Haas house Preserved_Specimen Single small tree of 8 ft.; frt purple. Flynn, T.W. 805 Kauai BISH 1984-03-16
31 Cestrum diurnum East end of island Preserved_Specimen Tree. S.N. Molokai BISH 1961-04-11
32 Cestrum diurnum South Kona district, at the Amy B.H.Greenwell Ethnobotanical Garden, Captain Cook, back yard of the manager's residence Preserved_Specimen untrimmed shrub; about 10 ft tall; flws. white, not fragrant in early afternoon Staples, G.W. 621 Hawaii BISH 1990-05-19
33 Cestrum diurnum Honolulu; 770 Kinau Street, near Alapai Preserved_Specimen Tree Ca. 7 m high, dbh 1+ dm.; flr white, fragrant, blooms day & night; frt globose, blue-black w/dark purple juice Tallman, V. 1482 Oahu BISH 1928-11-25
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